Edwin d



(No Model.)

B. D.1V[0GRAGKEN.

ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR.

No. 304,539. Patented Sept. 2, 1884.

j V Inventor:

-' @W/ 'I'W,

UNITED STATES mam Orrrcn.

EDXVIN D. MOORAOKEN, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 304,539, datedSeptember 2, 1884.

Application filed February 27, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, EDWIN D. MOGRAOKEN, of Paterson, in the county ofPassaic and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Electric Conductors, of which the following is aspecification.

For all insulated electric conductors or wires it is desirable that thecovering of insulating material should be as thin as is consistent witha perfect insulation, and this is particularly true of wire which is tobe wound to form electro-magnets for electric lighting and otherpurposes where it is desirable that the magnets should be of small sizeas compared with the desired strength. I have discovered that thinManila or other pure vegetable paper possesses in a high degree thequalities necessary for a perfect insulation, and that by its use can beobtained a perfect insulation with a less thickness of covering than ispossible in any other way.

The invention consists in an electric wire having a covering consistingof a spirallywound and lapping strip or strips of paper composed of purevegetable fiber and applied in its unchanged fibrous condition to thewire, the paper forming of itself the insulating-covering for the wire.

The invention also consists in an electric wire having a coveringconsisting of a spirally-wound and lapping strip or strips of. paperapplied with awater-proof adhesive substance,

consisting of a thin solution of india-rubber, the paper forming ofitself the insulating-covering for the wire.

In the accompanying drawings, Figurel represents a piece of wire havingan insulation which consists of a single spirally-wound strip of paperlapped upon itself about half the width of the strip, thus forming aninsulation of two thicknesses of paper throughout; "and Fig. 2represents a piece of wire having an insulation which consists of twospirally-wound strips of paper laid one over the other, so as to breakjoints, and each strip lapped on itself about half its width. In thedrawings the thickness of the paper strips is greatly exaggerated toshow them more clearly.

In all the figures of the drawings, A desig: nates the wire, which maybe copper or iron; and B designates the strips of paper which form theinsulation.

The paper which I prefer to use is very thin and tough Manila paper outinto strips of about three-fourths (5}) of an inch in width; but thepaper may be made of any pure vegetable fiber, and is applied to thewire in its unchanged fibrous conditiom The adhesive substance which Iprefer to use is a thin solution of india-rubber in any of itswell-known solvents, this constituting a perfectly water-proofsubstance. In any case the adhesive substance is as thin as possible, sothat the paper will not be separated materially from the wire or thelayers of paper from each other. It is not designed that the adhesivesubstance shall constitute an insulation for the wire, but the papcrot'itself forms the insulating-covering.

I11 laying on the strip or strips of paper the thin water-proof adhesivematerial is preferably applied by a brush or other means to the innerside of the strip, and will then adhere to the wire and to the portionof the strip which is overlapped in winding spirally. WVhen thewaterproof adhesive substance is applied to. the inner side of thestrip, the outside of the insulation is not sticky during the process ofmanufacture.

In Fig. 1 the single strip, which constitutes the insulation, is woundspirally and lapped about half its width, thus producing an insulationconsisting of two thicknesses of paper.

In Fig. 2 the insulation consists of two strips wound one over the otherwith a lap of about half the width, the second strip being laid so as tobreak joints with the first, thus giving an insulation of fourthicknesses of paper. After the winding of the paper is completed, theinsulating-covering of paper may or may not have para'tfine or otherwaterproofing material applied to the exterior. The strips of papertopreserve them may be saturated with paraffine before Winding. Theparafiine may be applied to the strips of paper by immersing the bobbinson which the strips are wound in a bath of paraffine. An insulation ofpaper is very desirable, because it will not soon rot under ground, andbecause by using paper composed of pure vegetable fiber a perfectinsulation can be produced with a less thickness of covering than can beobtained in any other way. A single strip of paper, giving twothicknesses throughout, will add but four one-thousandths.

of an inch to the size of the wire. A water proof adhesive substanceconsisting of a thin solution of india-rubbcr (shown at a) is alsodesirable, because by its use a certain amount of elasticity between thesuperposed layers of paper and between the paper and wire is obtained,and hence the insulating-covering of paper will not crack or break whenthe wire is bent.

I am aware thatit has been proposed to cover a conductor with asbestuspaper applied with adhesive substance; but such paper cannot be madeunless very thick, and is objectionable not only because it would addgreatly to the size of the wire, but because paper made from mineralfiber is so weal; and rotten that it would not stand the tensionnecessary to lay it solidly on the wire to produce a close eovering.

1 am also aware that it has been proposed to apply paper as a coveringto a wire, for the purpose of confining thereon a layer of insulatingmaterial, such as bitumen. This has been done, however, without anyknowledge of the property of vegetable paper as an insir latingmaterial, and the size of the wire thus coated would be greatlyincreased.

I am also aware that it has been proposed to insulate a wire or wires bya formed tube of pa 1 )er-pnlp, the tube being made in sections, and thepulp being subjected to great pressure to form a dense and homogeneoustube, through which. the wire is inserted after the tube is completed.Such a method of in sulation adds many times to the thickness of thebare conductor, and no such intimate contact of the wire and pulp-tnbeor insulation as is desirable can be obtained. I do not desire toinclude in my invention the combination, with a metallic conductor, of aformed pipe of paper for an insulation therefor, and through which thenaked wire is inserted.

\V hat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

1. An electric wire having a covering coir sisting of a spirally-woundand lapping strip or strips of paper composed of pure vegetable fiber,and applied in its unchanged fibrous condition to the wire, the paperlbrniing of itself the insulating-covering for the wire, substantiall yas herein described.

2. An electric wire having a covering con sisting of a spirallywound andlapping strip or strips of paper, applied with a watenprool" adhesivesubstance consisting of a thin solution of india-rubber, the paperforming of itself the insulating-covering for the wire, substantially asherein described.

19. 1.). lllk'Ol-LAIJKEF. 'Witnesses:

BENJ'AMlN (tanner, Fun I) n n l o I (13 Los n.

